Advertising space

Companies have to choose ________1 way to advertise based on budget and suitability. TV adverts are ________2 form of advertising, and only larger companies can afford them. A radio advert is ________3 to produce, and is often more effective for ________4 companies with a limited budget. Local radio reaches more people and its message can be more direct. Print ads in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards are one of ________5 to reach people. Advertising space in local newspapers costs ________6 than in national papers, although they have ________7 adverts than the local shops. National newspapers often carry adverts for computer or mobile phone companies offering ________8 than their competitors.

Advertising spend time selecting ________9 publication. For shampoo manufacturers, women’s magazines are ________10 sports magazines, because they are seen by the biggest audience of consumers.

There is a new and growing danger with the food we eat. Criminal gangs are selling billions of dollars of fake food to supermarkets around the world. The food could be very dangerous. In the past few years, there have been some high-profile scandals. In Britain, tons of horse meat ended up in products that were labeled as beef. British police recently found a product that used cheaper peanut powder instead of almond flour. This could seriously harm or kill people with peanut allergies. In 2008, six babies died in China after gangs made and sold fake milk powder. Gangs can make a lot of money from fake food. It is also safer than selling drugs for the gangs because the penalties are lower.

The assistant director of Interpol, Michael Ellis, told the BBC that food crime is very similar to the drugs trade. He said: "In my experience, the patterns used by criminals involved in counterfeiting are very similar to those used in the dealing of drugs." He said police in 33 countries showed that food crime is a serious international problem. The police found children's candies that were dyed with a poisonous chemical, 430,000 litres of fake drinks and 22 tons of long-grain rice that was labeled as high-quality basmati rice. The British government said it was a difficult problem to tackle. It said that using technology might be the only way to beat the criminal gangs.

By Smitha Mundasad Health reporter, BBC News

Scientists have uncovered hidden signatures in the brains of people in vegetative states that suggest they may have a glimmer of consciousness.

Doctors normally consider these patients - who have severe brain injuries - to be unaware of the world around them although they appear awake.

Researchers hope their work will help identify those who are actually conscious, but unable to communicate.

[…]

television manufacturers are producing

Smart TVs. Although they differ in some

ways most of them use the same

[5] technology. Smart TVs can be

connected to the internet using a setup

box, a cable or wireless adapter. As more

and more broadcasting companies are

showing videos on demand Smart. TVs

[10] are an investment for the future.

Some decades ago watching television

was a completely different experience. If

you were lucky you had a handful of

channels you could watch. Depending on

[15] your rooftop antenna and the signal you

got, reception was sometimes bad and

during storms the signal was lost

altogether. In the 1970s cable TV gave

viewers a choice of several different

[20] programs, not only from the local area.

The arrival of video recorders allowed

viewers to record their shows during the

nighttime or while they were on holidays.

Satellite television in the 80s and 90s

[25] gave people access to hundreds of TV

channels from around the world. In the

last decade Internet television has been

growing rapidly.

inherit, and previous studies suggested that as much as

80% of the variance in height among people is due to their

DNA. And in the largest genetic study of height-related

[5] genes to date, scientists have identified 423 genetic

regions connected to height – which could explain as

much as 60% of that genetic component.

Dr. Joel Hirschhorn, leader of the GIANT consortium

at Harvard Medical School says that for a trait like height,

[10] which isn’t determined by a single gene but likely the

combined effects of multiple genes involved in multiple

different processes from bone growth to cell growth, the

new findings are like finding biggest nuggets of gold in

a riverbed. The latest analysis, published in the journal

[15] Nature Genetics, describes the gene variants most

commonly shared among people that likely contribute to

height.

They emerged from a sweep of the genomes of

more than 250,000 people of various heights, and from

[20] correlating their stature with their genetics. Many of the

known and familiar factors related to height, including

those dealing with skeletal growth and collagen that

are mutated in people with medically short stature, for

example, appeared in the study, confirming their role in

[25] determining how tall people get.

But there were also some surprises ‒ genetic regions

that previously had never been thought to be related

to height, including a gene known to be involved in cell

growth but not in skeletal functions. “It’s a mix ranging

[30] from completely known things, to those that make sense

to things that are completely surprising and things we don’t

even know what to think about them,” says Hirschhorn.

What the group has identified are gene regions of

interest, and a new round of studies will have to delve

[35] deeper into those areas to isolate specific genes that

are actually responsible for determining height. But it’s a

critical first step, and could lead to potential new ways of

treating medical conditions of short stature or gigantism

that can have negative health effects on the heart and

[40] joints.

One of the major Hogmanay customs was ‘’first-footing’’. Shortly after ‘’the bells’’ – the stroke of midnight when public clocks would chime to signal the start of the new year —, neighbours would visit one another’s houses to wish each other a good new year. This visiting was known as ‘’first-footing’’, and the luckiest first-foot into any house was a tall, dark and handsome man — perhaps as a reward to the woman who traditionally had spent the previous day scrubbing her house (another Hogmanay ritual). Women or red heads, however, were always considered bad luck as first-foots.

First-foots brought symbolic gifts to ‘’handsel’’ the house: coal for the fire, to ensure that house would be warm and safe, and shortbread or black bun (a type of fruit cake) to symbolise that the household would never go hungry that year.

First-footing has faded in recent years, particularly with the growth of the major street celebrations in Edinburgh and Glasgow, although not the Scots love of a good party, of which there are plenty on the night!

By Kelsey Kloss

f you want: Personalized treatment

If ‘80s-style group classes make you shudder, check app ($10 per month for unlimited classes). You’ll access videos of an instructor leading you, not an entire class, through a workout, creating the sense of a highly personalized training session. Choose a class based on the trainer — each is taught by one of eight Gym Box coaches, who cover details like what your posture should look like and how your muscles should feel throughout the session — or your favorite exercises, which might include strength training, kickboxing, dance, step, extreme cardio, cycling, and even “Easy Does It” (small weights, gentle core training).