The Heyday of the Silents

GEOFFREY NOWELL-SMITH

By the middle of the 1920s the cinema had reached a peak of splendour which in certain respects it would never again surpass. It is true that there was not synchronized sound, nor Technicolor, except at a very experimental stage. Synchronized sound was to be introduced at the end of the decade, while Technicolor came into use only in the mid 1930s and beyond. Nor, except in isolated cases like Abel Gance\'s Napoléon (1927), was there anything approaching the wide screen that audiences were to be accustomed to from the 1950s onwards. It is also the case that viewing conditions in many parts of the world, particulary in rural areas, remained maskeshift and primitive.

Source: The Oxford History of World Cinema EDITED BYGEOFFREYNOWELL-SMITH OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1996

What is TED?

[1] TED is a nonpartisan nonprofit foundation

devoted to spreading ideas, usually in the form

of short, powerful talks. TED began in 1984 as

a conference where Technology,

[5] Entertainment and Design converged, and

today covers almost all topics — from science

to business to global issues — in more than 110

languages. Meanwhile, independently run

TEDx events help share ideas in communities

[10] around the world. TED believes passionately

that ideas have the power to change attitudes,

lives, and ultimately, the world. This

underlying philosophy is the driving force

behind all of TED’s endeavors, including the

[15] TED Conferences, TEDx, TED Books, the

TED Fellows Program, and the TED Open

Translation Project. With this philosophy in

mind, and with the intention of supporting

teachers and sparking the curiosity of learners

[20] around the world, TED-Ed was launched in

2012.

What is TED-Ed?
TED-Ed is TED’s youth and education

initiative. TED-Ed’s mission is to spark and

[25] celebrate the ideas of teachers and students

around the world. Everything we do supports

learning — from producing a growing library

of original animated videos, to providing an

international platform for teachers to create

[30] their own interactive lessons, to helping

curious students around the globe bring TED to

their schools and gain presentation literacy

skills, to celebrating innovative leadership

within TED-Ed’s global network of over

[35] 250,000 teachers. TED-Ed has grown from an

idea worth spreading into an award-winning

education platform that serves millions of

teachers and students around the world every

week.

[40] What are TED-Ed Originals?
TED-Ed Originals are our signature

content: short, award-winning animated videos

about ideas that spark the curiosity of learners

everywhere. Every TED-Ed Original

[45] represents a creative collaboration between

experts. Such experts may include TED

Speakers and TED Fellows, as well as

educators, designers, animators, screenwriters,

directors, science writers, historians,

[50] journalists and editors. These original

animated videos, paired with questions and

resources, make up what we refer to as

TED-Ed Lessons.
(Fonte:www.ted.com)

Leia o trecho do texto para responder à questão.

“Everything we do supports learning — from producing a growing library of original animated videos, to providing an international platform for teachers to create their own interactive lessons, to helping curious students around the globe bring TED to their schools and gain presentation literacy skills, to celebrating innovative leadership within TED-Ed’s global network of over 250,000 teachers” (l.26-35).

Read part of Adele’s song “Million years ago” and answer the Question.

I know I'm not the only one
Who regrets the things they've done
Sometimes I just feel it's only me
Who can't stand the reflection that they see
I wish I could live a little more
Look up to the sky not just the floor
I feel like my life is flashing by
And all I can do is watch and cry
I miss the air, I miss my friends
I miss my mother, I miss it when
Life was a party to be thrown
But that was a million years ago

Question refer to the comic strip below.

Health and illness in Shakespeare

Sylvia Morris

January 30, 2012

Shakespeare’s interest in all things medical is well known, and Sujata Iyengar’s book Shakespeare’s Medical Language – A Dictionary, published by Continuum, is a successful addition to the literature on the subject, both a fascinating read and a valuable reference work. She casts her net wide, exploring Shakespeare’s own references to medical matters, the work of medical practitioners, symptoms, cures, and remedies, and the development of theoretical medicine.

Part glossary, part encyclopaedia, the book’s written in an easy-to-follow style, cross-referencing words with their own entries printed in bold, encouraging the reader to flip around the book. Most entries are in three parts: a medical description of the subject, Shakespeare’s references to it, and contemporary sources.

You could use the book as a glossary as you read a play: the entry on falling-sickness, for instance, mentioned in Julius Caesar, links the word with others used by Shakespeare: apoplexy, dizziness and palsy. It then directs you to three pages on epilepsy, lists other plays including sufferers (Othello and Macbeth), and quotes the description of Julius Caesar’s epileptic fit.

Starting from Shakespeare’s words, moving from them towards modern definitions, has many advantages. Iyengar doesn’t attempt to link his every mention of illness to a specific modern one, nor does she assume that Shakespeare’s use of medical terms is consistent. Importantly, there is no patronising assumption that twenty-first century western medicine, which separates body and spirit, has all the answers. We may still have much to learn from less sophisticated societies, including Shakespeare’s.

Read the following text to answer question.

Read the following text to answer questions 15 to 18. Simply stated, computational linguistics is no more than the use of electronic digital computers in linguistic research. These machines are employed to scan texts and to produce, more rapidly and more reliably than is possible without their aid, such valuable tools for linguistic and stylistic research as word lists, frequency counts, and concordances. But more interesting and theoretically much more difficult than the compilation lists, is the use of computers for automatic grammatical analysis andtranslation. A considerable amount of progress was made in the area of machine translation in the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and France between the mid- 1950's and the mid-1969's, but much of the original impetus for this work has now disappeared, due in part to the realization that the problems involved are infinitely more complex than was at first envisaged. Thus, translation continues to remain as much anart as a science, ifnot more so.