Genetically modified foods

Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism. Currently available GM foods stem mostly from plants, but in the future foods derived from GM microorganisms or GM animals are likely to be introduced on the market. Most existing genetically modified crops have been developed to improve yield, through the introduction of resistance toplant diseases or of increased tolerance of herbicides.

In the future, genetic modification could be aimed at altering the nutrient content of food, reducing its allergenic potential, or improving the efficiency of food production systems. All GM foods should be assessed before being allowed on the market. FAO/WHO Codex guidelines exist for risk analysis of GM food.

Look at the picture below and answer:

Select the alternative that indicates the type of conditional in the sentence below.

PASSAGE 2

Public health is the science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through
promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for disease and injury prevention and detection and control of infectious
diseases.
Overall, public health is concerned with protecting the health of entire populations. These populations
[05] can be as small as a local neighborhood, or as big as an entire country or region of the world.
Public health professionals try to prevent problems from happening or recurring through implementing
educational programs, recommending policies, administering services and conducting research – in contrast to
clinical professionals like doctors and nurses, who focus primarily on treating individuals after they become sick
or injured. Public health also works to limit health disparities. The largest part of public health is promoting
[10] healthcare equity, quality and accessibility.

PASSAGE

THE NEED FOR SEXUALITY EDUCATION

According to Unesco (2009), the primary goal of sexuality education is to equip children and young
people with the knowledge, skills and values to make responsible choices about their sexual and social
relationships in a world affected by HIV. In addition to learning about the risks of pregnancy and sexually
transmitted infections (including HIV), children and young people also need to learn about the risk of sexual
[05] exploitation and abuse in order to recognize these when they occur, to protect themselves as far as possible and
to identify and access available sources of support. Sensitizing children, parents, teachers, police and local
communities to the nature and extent of sexual violence, and giving permission to discuss it, are essential steps
in tackling it. Sexuality education can provide an appropriate framework and context for educating students
about sexual abuse. For example, distinguishing between “good” and “bad” touch, learning how to express
[10] feelings, to resist pressure and to seek help are all key aspects of sexuality education that are also highly
pertinent to sexual abuse.