Read text to answer the question.

“Violence against women causes suffering and misery to victims and their families and places a heavy burden on societies worldwide. It mostly happens within intimate relationships or between people known to each other. Violence against women is a social construction based on a societal consensus about the roles and rights of men and women. Two prevalent forms of violence against women are physical and sexual victimization by an intimate partner, and sexual victimization outside intimate relationships. Explanations of why men engage in aggressive behavior toward women address different levels, including the macro level of society, the micro level of dyadic interactions, and the individual level of perpetrator characteristics. Prevention efforts are needed that address each of these levels.”

Complete o texto sobre Todd McArthur, um técnico de telecomunicações, usando as preposições corretas.

I am a Telecommunications Technician. I work ________¹ a company which provides phone systems ________² business use, especially banks. I’ve been ________ ³ the company ________⁴ eight years. Before that, I was ________⁵ the army ________⁶ four years. I joined when I left school. I was ________⁷ Signals. They trained me to set up and maintain mobile communications equipment – satellite dishes, antennas, VHF radios, that sort of thing. I enjoyed my time ________⁸ the army – mostly because I traveled quite a lot. I’ve been ________⁹ Norway, Kenya, and Belize.

TEXTO:

New research finds that earplugs make a dramatic
difference in preventing hearing loss, especially when
it comes to recreational exposure. The study involved
50 participants, recruited on social media, who attended
[5] a music festival in Amsterdam. Through random

assignments, the researchers gave half the group
earplugs. The researchers found temporary threshold
shift (a measure of hearing loss) in 8 % of participants
who wore earplugs during the show, versus 42 percent
[10] who did not wear them. They also found that tinnitus –
ringing in the ears – occurred in 40 % of volunteers
who didn’t wear earplugs and 12% who did.
Most people don’t realize that even short-term
exposure — a single night at a loud dance club — is
[15] enough to cause what’s known as acoustic trauma. In
a person with normal hearing, sound moves from the
pinna — the cartilage at the top of the ear — and makes
its way through the ear canal to the eardrum, which
causes it to vibrate. This vibration is sent to three small
[20] bones within the ear called the malleus, incus and
stapes. Then these vibrations are passed on to the
cochlea. When the vibrations hit the cochlea, they cause
tiny hair cells attached to nerves to bend, which sends
an electric signal to the brain that’s recognized as sound.
[25] Loud noise disrupts the process, causing
overstimulation of the tiny hairs and eventually leads to
cell death in the inner ear. Most people recoup their
hearing after temporary loss due to exposure to loud
music and other overwhelming noise (including
[30] gunshots and firecrackers). Still, the researchers say,
chronic exposure to such overwhelming sound can
eventually cause irreversible damage, which is
something every passionate music lover needs to hear.

Use the comic strip bellow to answer question:

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Weight-related deaths can affect non-obese too

You don’t have to be diagnosed as obese to be at risk of dying from illnesses related to excess weight, a global study suggests. Of the 4 million deaths attributed to being overweight in 2015, nearly 40% were not considered clinically obese. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, said the findings highlighted “a growing and disturbing global public health crisis.”

“People who shrug off weight gain do so at their own risk – risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and other life- -threatening conditions,” said Dr Christopher Murray, author of the study and director of the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington. “Those half- -serious New Year’s resolutions to lose weight should become year-round commitments to lose weight and prevent future weight gain.”

The study, which looked at 195 countries and territories over a period of 35 years, from 1980 to 2015, has revealed that 30% of the world’s population – 2.2 billion children and adults – are affected by excess weight.

Obesity has been increasing around the globe since 1980, doubling in more than 70 countries. The United States has the highest level of obesity among adults and children, at nearly 13% of the population. Egypt topped the list for adult obesity, at about 35%.

The report also found that the rate of obesity is increasing faster among children than adults. “The problem is not simply a function of income or wealth,” cites the report. “Increased availability, accessibility and affordability of energy-dense foods, along with intense marketing could explain weight gain in different populations.”

Read the text below and answer the following questionbased on it.

More than half your body is not human
Human cells make up only 43% of the body's total cell count. The rest are microscopic colonists.

Understanding this hidden half of ourselves - our microbiome - is rapidly transforming understanding of diseases from allergy to Parkinson's.

No matter how well you wash, nearly every nook and cranny of your body is covered in microscopic creatures.

This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and archaea (organisms originally misclassified as bacteria). The greatest concentration of this microscopic life is in the dark murky depths of our oxygen-deprived bowels.

The human genome - the full set of genetic instructions for a human being - is made up of 20,000 instructions called genes.

But add all the genes in our microbiome together and the figure comes out between two and 20 million microbial genes.

Prof Sarkis Mazmanian, a microbiologist from Caltech, argues: "We don't have just one genome, the genes of our microbiome present essentially a second genome which augment the activity of our own.

Science is rapidly uncovering the role the microbiome plays in digestion, regulating the immune system, protecting against disease and manufacturing vital vitamins.

It is a new way of thinking about the microbial world. To date, our relationship with microbes has largely been one of warfare.

Antibiotics and vaccines have been the weapons unleashed against the likes of smallpox, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or MRSA.

That's been a good thing and has saved large numbers of lives.

But some researchers are concerned that our assault on the bad guys has done untold damage to our "good bacteria".

Prof Knight has performed experiments on mice that were born in the most sanitised world imaginable.

He says: "We were able to show that if you take lean and obese humans and take their faeces and transplant the bacteria into mice you can make the mouse thinner or fatter depending on whose microbiome it got."

"This is pretty amazing right, but the question now is will this be translatable to humans"

This is the big hope for the field, that microbes could be a new form of medicine. It is known as using "bugs as drugs".
Adaptado de: < http://www.bbc.com/news/health-43674270> Acessado em 13 de abril de 2018.

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VISITING EUROPE

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So here I am, upside down in a woman. Arms

patiently crossed, waiting, waiting and

wondering who I'm in, what I’m in for. My

eyes close nostalgically when I remember

[5] how I once drifted in my translucent body

bag, floated dreamily in the bubble of my

thoughts through my private ocean in slow-

motion somersaults, colliding gently against

the transparent bounds of my confinement,

[10] the confiding membrane that vibrated with,

even as it muffled, the voices of conspirators

in a vile enterprise. That was in my careless

youth. Now, fully inverted, not an inch of

space to myself, knees crammed against

[15] belly, my thoughts as well as my head are

fully engaged. I’ve no choice, my ear is

pressed all day and night against the bloody

walls. I listen, make mental notes, and I’m

troubled. I’m hearing pillow talk of deadly

[20] intent and I’m terrified by what awaits me, by

what might draw me in.

I’m immersed in abstractions, and only the

proliferating relations between them create

the illusion of a known world. When I hear

[25] "blue," which I’ve never seen, I imagine some

kind of mental event that's fairly close to

"green"—which I’ve never seen. I count

myself an innocent, unburdened by

allegiances and obligations, a free spirit,

[30] despite my meagre living room. No one to

contradict or reprimand me, no name or

previous address, no religion, no debts, no

enemies. My appointment diary, if it existed,

notes only my forthcoming birthday. I am, or

[35] I was, despite what the geneticists are now

saying, a blank slate. But a slippery, porous

slate no school-room or cottage roof could

find use for, a slate that writes upon itself as

it grows by the day and becomes less blank. I

[40] count myself an innocent, but it seems I'm

party to a plot. My mother, bless her

unceasing, loudly squelching heart, seems to

be involved.

Associe as palavras da coluna da esquerda aos seus respectivos sinônimos, na coluna da direita, de acordo com o sentido com que estão empregadas no texto.

( ) vile (l. 12)

( ) meagre (l. 30)

( ) unceasing (l. 42)

1. ashamed

2. continuum

3. untidy

4. exiguous

5. despicable

6. continual

Read the text and answer the questions as follows.

A top FBI official told a drone conference in Denver that criminals deliberately flew several small drones to block the rescue team's view of an unfolding situation.
The drones caused the FBI to lose sight of the attacker.
"We were then blind," Joseph Mazel, the FBI's operational technology law unit chief, told the AUVSI drone conference.
According to military news site Defense One, which attended the conference, the hostage situation occurred over the winter in the outskirts of a large US city.
The FBI had set up an elevated observation post to monitor the hostage situation, and suddenly drones appeared, carrying out a series of "high-speed low passes at the agents in the observation post to flush them [out]," Mr Mazel said.
Criminal use of drones is rising, and the most popular use for unmanned aerial vehicles is for the smuggling of smartphones and drugs into prisons, according to the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC).
However, the law enforcement body is concerned that criminals could also use drones in other ways.
"As part of any operational planning for public events, police are now considering the malicious use of drones and how they will counter that risk," an NPCC spokesman told the BBC.
"From news reports, practical experience and events within the prison service, quite clearly we're seeing an increasing risk in drone usage, and that's why as an organisation we're doing something about it. "
In 2015, it was reported that criminals were using drones to scope out potential burglary targets in Suffolk, and, in 2017, news site Vice made a video documentary about people who were using heat-seeking drones to steal marijuana from illegal farms hidden in residential properties.
And in the US, drones are increasingly being used by criminal enterprises.
"I talk to a lot of people in the drone industry, and we've heard of the Mexican drug cartels using drones for at least 10 years to smuggle drugs across the border," Jeffrey Antonelli, a lead attorney specialising in drone and BitTorrent litigation at Antonelli Law told the BBC.
(Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-44003860, Accessed on May 5th, 2018).