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HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BYKASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the latest research linking this outlook to a person’s quality of life and to better physical and mental health.

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open looked at data collected from 6,985 adults who were signed up to the Health and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The team looked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted. Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals, promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. This result remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’ sociodemographic status and their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link between purposefulness and the length of life. One explanation is that the attitude and overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K., who studies human happiness, told Newsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.”

TEXTO:

Research shows there can be a link to impaired
vision and poor school performance. Correcting poor
vision with properly prescribed glasses results in a
greater impact on academic performance than any other
[5] health intervention. This has long-reaching implications
in student success as the risk of failing one grade level
is 3 times greater for school children who have a visual
acuity below 20/20 versus children with good visual
acuity. To put it in context, students in China who wore
[10] glasses for one year earned higher test scores
equivalent to six months of additional schooling, with
historically under-performing students benefiting the
most from vision correction.

But vision isn’t the only health issue affecting
[15] student achievement. Fitness plays a vital role in the
success of students in the classroom that lasts long
after they graduate. Studies have shown that improving
physical fitness levels leads to improved academic
success. In a study of students in Mississippi, those
[20] who were in the healthy fitness zone were two-four times
more likely to have high achievement in a number of
areas, most notably in language arts and math.

What we see from all of this is a clear indication
that it is vitally important to improve both vision and
[25] fitness if we want our students to succeed. Vision
screenings and fitness measurements are a good start,
but to really be effective we must also provide the
solutions — easier access to eye examinations and
corrective eyewear as well as improved physical
[30] education programming and more time for physical
activity. It’s not just for grades. Healthy, successful
students mean a healthy, successful workforce later
on and that’s good for all of us.

Avengers: Endgame is a 2019 American super hero film based on the Marvel Comics super hero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios motion Pictures.

In the film, the surviving members of the Avengers and their allies work to reverse the damage caused by Thanos in Infinity War.

Avengers: Endgame was widely anticipated, and Disney backed the film with extensive marketing campaigns. It premiered in Los Angeles on April 22, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United Stated on April 26, 2019, in IMAX and 3D. The film received praise for its direction, acting, entertainment value, and emotional weight, with critics lauding its culmination of the 22-film story. It also broke enumerous box office records and has grossed over $1.2 billion worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing film of 2019, as well as the 18th-hightest-grossing film of all time.

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Is owning a dog good for your health?

Dogs really are our best friends, according to a Swedish study that says canine ownership could reduce heart disease. A study of 3.4 million people between the ages of 40 and 80 found that having a dog was associated with a 23% reduction in death from heart disease and a 20% lower risk of dying from any cause over the 12 years of the study.

Previous studies have suggested dogs relieve social isolation and depression – both linked to an increased risk of heart disease and early death. Dog owners show better responses to stress, their blood pressure and pulse rates don’t soar, have higher levels of physical activity and slightly lower cholesterol levels. The American Heart Association was sufficiently swayed by a review of dozens of studies to release a statement in 2013 saying that owning a dog “was probably” associated with a reduced risk of heart disease. Their reluctance to more strongly endorse dog ownership is because most studies are what is called observational – researchers note an association, but can’t prove causation. This means that other factors might explain why dog owners are healthier than, say, goldfish owners – for example, perhaps only people who are fit in the first place buy pets that need daily walks.

Tove Fall, an epidemiologist and the lead author of this latest study, says they tried their best to allow for any differences in education, existing ill-health and lifestyles between those with and without dogs. The study found the biggest positive impact of having a dog was on people living alone. “It seems that a dog can be a substitute for living with other people in terms of reducing the risk of dying,” says Fall. “Dogs encourage you to walk, they provide social support and they make life more meaningful. If you have a dog, you interact more with other people. If you do get ill and go into hospital and you have a dog, there’s a huge motivation to try to get back home.” Of course, getting a dog and watching it from your sofa while you eat fatty food is not going to reduce your risk of heart disease.

Time

Ticking away the moments that make up a dull day
You fritter and waste the hours in an offhand way
Kicking around on a piece of ground in your home town
Waiting for someone or something to show you the way

[5]Tired of lying in the sunshine
Staying home to watch the rain
You are young and life is long
And there is time to kill today
And then one day you find
[10] Ten years have got behind you
No one told you when to run
You missed the starting gun

And you run and you run to catch up with the sun, but it’s sinking
And racing around to come up behind you again
[15] The sun is the same in a relative way, but you’re older
Shorter of breath and one day closer to death

Every year is getting shorter
Never seem to find the time
Plans that either come to naught
[20] Or half a page of scribbled lines
Hanging on in quiet desperation is the English way
The time has gone, the song is over
Thought I’d something more to say

Home, home again
[25] I like to be here when I can
And when I come home cold and tired
It’s good to warm my bones beside the fire
Far away, across the field
The tolling of the iron bell
[30] Calls the faithful to their knees
To hear the softly spoken magic spells

The song “Time” could be used to introduce the class “O tempo em nossas vidas” suggested in the text “Física para poetas”.

TEXTO:

Research shows there can be a link to impaired
vision and poor school performance. Correcting poor
vision with properly prescribed glasses results in a
greater impact on academic performance than any other
[5] health intervention. This has long-reaching implications
in student success as the risk of failing one grade level
is 3 times greater for school children who have a visual
acuity below 20/20 versus children with good visual
acuity. To put it in context, students in China who wore
[10] glasses for one year earned higher test scores
equivalent to six months of additional schooling, with
historically under-performing students benefiting the
most from vision correction.

But vision isn’t the only health issue affecting
[15] student achievement. Fitness plays a vital role in the
success of students in the classroom that lasts long
after they graduate. Studies have shown that improving
physical fitness levels leads to improved academic
success. In a study of students in Mississippi, those
[20] who were in the healthy fitness zone were two-four times
more likely to have high achievement in a number of
areas, most notably in language arts and math.

What we see from all of this is a clear indication
that it is vitally important to improve both vision and
[25] fitness if we want our students to succeed. Vision
screenings and fitness measurements are a good start,
but to really be effective we must also provide the
solutions — easier access to eye examinations and
corrective eyewear as well as improved physical
[30] education programming and more time for physical
activity. It’s not just for grades. Healthy, successful
students mean a healthy, successful workforce later
on and that’s good for all of us.

Read the text below to answer question.

Este cartum foi criado pelo norte-americano Bruce Beattie, em 2011.