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InglêsClaretiano2021

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Ever heard of the gnu goat, the red-eared guenon or the Gila monster? They could be the future icons of conservation, according to a study. Scientists say these little-known animals are key to raising money for protecting vulnerable ecosystems. The likes of tigers and elephants, which appeal to the masses, are often selected for fundraising campaigns. But this approach has been criticised for neglecting many other species that need our help.

“It’s time for us to put some science behind the species we use to market and fundraise for conservation — rather than framing our approach around what’s popular or seen as ‘cute’ by the public,” said Dr Hugh Possingham, chief scientist at conservation NGO, The Nature Conservancy.

To test whether a more scientific approach could have wider benefits for vulnerable ecosystems, the researchers compiled data on protected areas, human impacts, and the ranges of thousands of animals. They identified priority places for conservation in the world and suitable “flagship species” to fundraise for them. “We can’t afford to waste a single conservation dollar. Given the state of the biodiversity crisis we need to be strategic, effective and efficient with the conservation work that we do”, said Dr Jennifer McGowan of Australia’s Macquarie University. Flagship species are a good way “to appeal to hearts and minds”, she said, citing images from the recent wildfires in Australia showing injured koalas. “Millions of dollars were raised — because no-one can look at those pictures and not have their hearts break.”

The study, published in Nature Communications, compiled a list of hundreds of mammals, birds and reptiles that could act as new flagship species. They are charismatic in their own right, but often overlooked in favour of more iconic alternatives. Animals highlighted include:

- The Andean bear from the Andean mountain forests.
- The fossa, a cat-like predator from Madagascar.
- The rhinoceros hornbill of south-east Asia.
- The secretary bird of the East African savannahs.
- The Gila monster, which lives in the deserts of Mexico and the US.

(Helen Briggs. www.bbc.com, 24.02.2020. Adaptado.)

According to the text, the flagship approach has been widely criticized because organizations frequently

InglêsUNIFOR2021

A questãoé baseadas em uma música de Jhené Efuru Chilombo.

Jhené Aiko EfuruChilombo (Los Angeles, Califórnia, 16 de março de 1988), conhecida artisticamente como Jhené Aiko ou Jhené, é uma cantora e compositora americana. Embarcou no mundo musical ao colaborar em vários videoclipes do grupo de R&B B2K. Sua beleza e vitalidade chama a atenção de todos para o mundo vegetariano.

I can't wrap my head around what's happening

I can't get no sleep, no peace of mind ...

Marque a opção que melhor expressa o uso de "can´t" dos versos acima:

InglêsFGV-SP2021

Read the text to answer question.

We are at the beginning of a long road to rethinking and rebuilding supply chain models to encompass not just financial priorities but also business operations continuity in the most trying of circumstances. Executives from France and Italy, for example, are discussing ways to remake their businesses in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Their specialty is supply chains. They are smart people at the core of the world’s most sophisticated and valuable systems of manufacture, shipment, and inventory, and yet many of their supply systems staggered in the past few months – the byproduct of reliance on old business models.

(Antonio Gulli. www.forbes.com, 28.07.2020. Adapted.)

One problem concerning supply chains after the outbreak of Covid-19 relates to

InglêsUNICAMP2021

OUR WORD OF THE YEAR FOR 2019 IS THEY

English lacks a gender-neutral singular pronoun to correspond with singular pronouns like everyone or someone, and as a consequence they has been used for this purpose for over 600 years. Recentlythough, they has also been used to refer to a person whose gender identity is nonbinary, a sense that is increasingly common in published text, social media, and in daily personal interactions between English speakers. There's no doubt that its use is established in the English language, which is why it was added to the Merriam-Webster dictionary in September of 2019.

Nonbinary they was also prominent in the news in 2019. Congresswoman Pramila Jayapal (WA) revealed in April that her child is gender-nonconforming and uses they. And the American Psychological Association’s blog officially recommended that singular they be preferred in professional writing over “he or she” when the reference is to a person whose gender is unknown or to a person who prefers they.

(Adaptado de https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/word-of-the-year/ they. Acessado em 29/04/2020.)

De acordo com o texto, o fato de uma palavra simples, como o pronome “they”, ter sido escolhida como a palavra do ano de 2019 se justifica pela necessidade de

InglêsACAFE2021

Text

According to a publication by American neurologists, regular exercise can improve your memory and thinking skills. We know that exercise has proven to be good for your heart and overall fitness, but now doctors say that it can actually help you remember things.

As we get older most of us have problems with memory, language and thinking about certain things. This is called mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In most cases, such problems don't influence our everyday life but we realize them. Exercising may slow down the rate of MCI and reduce the risk of getting dementia at a later phase in life. Unlike people with dementia, those with mild cognitive impairment can cope with their regular routine, like getting dressed or preparing meals. However, they may have trouble remembering dates, appointments and where they left their keys. This may be the first step to Alzheimer's disease or dementia.

While there is no medicine and dietary way to fight against memory loss, neurologists encourage people to do some form of aerobic exercise, like walking, running or cycling or swimming for a total of 2.5 hours a week. They recommend exercising just so fast that you don't sweat and can talk to others.

More than 6% of all people around the world have a mild form of cognitive impairment. As people get older the rate increases and jumps to 37% of all over 85 year-olds

(Adapted from https://www.english-online.at/news-articles/health-medicine/regular-exercise-can-improve-your-memory.htm, retrieved on May5th, 2021)

Which of the titles below reflects the main idea of Text?

InglêsUNESP2021

As long as it operated as a cheap factory, China’s growth was welcomed by the US, and its emergence as a new market for consumer goods was eagerly anticipated. However, in the mid-2010s the relationship between the rising nation and the incumbent superpower became more competitive. With the election in 2016 of Donald Trump on an “America First” platform, the gloves came off. Unhappy with the trade imbalance, the US president kicked off a trade war in 2018. The fallout for companies has been considerable.

(Lucy Colback. www.ft.com, 28.02.2020. Adaptado.)


O excerto descreve mudanças nas relações geopolíticas entre Estados Unidos e China nas últimas décadas.

Essas mudanças resultaram em

InglêsFGV-SP2021

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It wasn’t the first attempt to deter foreign students, but it could have been the most disruptive. The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency sought to bar visas for international students at colleges that offer only virtual instruction. Students on existing visas would have had to transfer to a school that offers at least some in-person teaching if they wanted to remain in the U.S.

The policy swiftly brought together a broad coalition of colleges, states and businesses that opposed it. “The overwhelming negative reaction to this proposal in a very short period of time shows that the administration really struck a nerve with this,” says Terry Hartle, from the American Council on Education. “It’s unprecedented for that many colleges and universities to file suit against the federal government.”

(Bloomberg Businessweek, 20.07.2020. Adapted.)

The expression from the second paragraph “struck a nerve” means, in the context:

InglêsUERR2021

Examine a tira Calvin and Hobbes, de Bill Watterson.

O tema central da tira é a

InglêsFGV-SP2021

Shimmering white and gracefully statuesque, the Mount Washington Hotel is a granite fortress, a manmade anomaly among the raw wilderness of the surrounding White Mountains in remote northern New Hampshire, U.S. Even to this day, the hotel is geographically secured by 800,000 acres of the White Mountain National Forest around it. This was the main reason why the Hotel was chosen for a World War Two meeting – a meeting that shaped present-day global economic policies.

(Linda Laban. www.bbc.com, 26.08.2020. Adapted.)

The term “this”, which introduces the last sentence in the text, refers to the fact that the Mount Washington Hotel

InglêsEBMSP2021

Some of the biggest producers of snack food, such as PepsiCo and Nestlé, have agreed to use front-of-pack nutritional labels colored red, amber or green on their products in an effort to make it easier for consumers to choose healthier options. The traffic-light labels, indicating how much fat, salt and sugar an item contains, will be part of a new hybrid nutritional labeling scheme that combines them with guideline daily amounts (GDAs), which senior doctors have criticized as deceptive and utterly baffling to most consumers.

The new labels are intended to help shoppers know at a glance whether a product contains a low, medium or high amount of fat, saturated fat, salt, sugar and calories. “People will be able to use the colors to understand the level of nutrients in the food they are eating. The labels are not designed to demonize foods with lots of reds but to have people consider what they are eating and make sure it’s part of a balanced diet. The move follows research that found consumers were confused by existing food labels: “Research shows that, of all the current schemes, people like this hybrid label the most and can use the information to make healthier choices.”

Disponível em: http://www.theguardian.com/society. Acesso em: jun. 2021. Adaptado

According to the text, the traffic-light labelling system for foods aims to